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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">filnauki</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Филологические науки в МГИМО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Journal of Language Research and Teaching</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2423</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3717</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГИМО МИД России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2410-2423-2023-4-37-26-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">filnauki-482</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Лингвистика и межкультурная коммуникация</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LINGUISTICS AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Типологический паспорт миноритарного баскского языка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Typological passport of Basque as a minority language</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-781X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаврова Наталия Александровна – доктор филологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры английского языка № 3</p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya A. Lavrova, Doctor of Philology, is Associate Professor, Department of English № 3</p><p>76, Prospekt Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lavruscha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лаврова Н.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лаврова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lavrova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://philnauki.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/482">https://philnauki.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/482</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель настоящего исследования – проанализировать основные типологические черты баскского языка в частичном сопоставлении с русским и английским языками. Несмотря на попытки выработки унифицированного стандарта баскского, большинство его носителей говорят на одном из локальных вариантов или диалектов. Изучение практической и теоретической литературы показало, что во многих учебных пособиях и научных исследованиях в качестве примеров приводятся как унифицированные, так и маргинальные черты баскского языка, а это значит, что изучающим баскский язык весьма трудно получить представление о типичных чертах стандартного баскского, что существенным образом затрудняет процесс овладения данным языком. В настоящей работе используется метод типологического паспорта, в соответствии с которым анализируются основные типологические черты баскского языка на фонетическом, морфологическом, лексическом и синтаксическом уровнях. В качестве эмпирического материала исследования послужили учебники и учебно-методические пособия, рекомендованные Академией баскского языка. Результаты исследования позволили выявить ряд универсальных языковых черт, разделяемых баскским языком с другими языками мира, а именно: наличие морфологически выраженной категории детерминативности, развитую систему падежей и падежных окончаний, фузионные чередования, ассимиляцию, постпозицию определения по отношению к существительному и т.д. Однако наиболее значимыми с лингвистической точки зрения оказались некоторые уникальные языковые черты, представленные лишь фрагментарно или отсутствующие в других языках, как, например, звонкая и глухая аспирация, вариативность в произношении диафона, несистематическое маркирование категории количества на морфологическом уровне, лексикализация некоторых понятий, связанных с числительными 2, 4 и 11, нейтральные и маркированные модели словообразования, а также отсутствие некоторых словообразовательных моделей. Изучение типологического паспорта баскского языка позволило определить его статус следующим образом: агглютинативно-суффиксальный язык с согласованием и наличием фузии на стыке морфем. Перспективным направлением дальнейшего изучения баскского языка является многофакторный анализ с целью получения статистических данных о типологически значимых категориях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the research is to make an inventory of the most salient typological traits of Basque as one of the extant minority languages, whose origin and typological status have been debated ever since the 16th century. Despite the well-meaning attempts to compile a unified standard of Basque, the majority of its speakers communicate using one of its numerous dialects. Apart from that, most of the contemporary coursebooks of Basque convey contradictory messages about its main grammatical features. This lack of uniformity acts as an impediment on the way to learning Basque or forming a well-defined concept of its typology. To enhance and spread knowledge about Basque typology, the present research adopts the methodology of contrastive-typological studies, namely, the method of typological passport developed by Professor V.D. Arakin. The empirical data for the research were drawn from the courseand textbooks recommended by The Royal Academy of the Basque Language. Research results revealed a number of universal typological traits shared by Basque with well-studied languages of the world, such as the presence of articles, cases, assimilation, post-modifying adjectives, etc. However, from the perspective of contrastive typology, it is the unique typological features that are most typologically and conceptually salient, such as voiced and devoiced aspiration, variations in the pronunciation of diaphonic sounds, non-systematic (non-pleonastic) marking of number, conceptual salience of specific numerals (2, 4, and 11), neutral and emphatic world-building patterns as well the absence of some models altogether (blending, shortening, back-formation). Research results show that the typological passport of Basque can be defined as an agglutinative language with suffixes, syntactic agreement and fusions at morphemic junctures. One of the avenues for further research is a multifactorial analysis with a view to obtaining statistical data about typologically significant categories of Basque.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миноритарный язык</kwd><kwd>баскский</kwd><kwd>контрастивная типология</kwd><kwd>типологический паспорт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>minority language</kwd><kwd>Basque</kwd><kwd>contrastive typology</kwd><kwd>typological passport</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аракин В.Д. Типология языков и проблема методического прогнозирования / В.Д. Аракин. М.: Высшая школа, 1989. 158 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arakin, V.D. Tipologiia iazykov i problema metodicheskogo prognozirovaniia [Language typology and the problem of methodological prognosis] / V.D. Arakin. 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