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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">filnauki</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Филологические науки в МГИМО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MGIMO Journal of Language Research and Teaching</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-2423</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3717</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГИМО МИД России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2410-2423-2024-3-40-75-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">filnauki-520</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ РЕДКИХ ЯЗЫКОВ И ПИСЬМЕННОСТЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDIES IN RARE LANGUAGES AND SCRIPTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сконструированные языки: опыт хронологического описания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Constructed Languages: A Chronological Description</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2010-7117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Васильевич Петров – независимый исследователь</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Petrov is an independent researcher</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelpetrov2000@yahoo.com</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров П.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://philnauki.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/520">https://philnauki.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/520</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья посвящена проблеме разнообразия «искусственных», или сконструированных языков. Целью работы является углубленное раскрытие многообразия разработанных в той или иной степени систем коммуникации, а также поиск ответа на вопрос: что подталкивало людей к созданию новых языков? Автор анализирует различные типы изобретённых языков, от международных универсальных языковых проектов до тайных языков закрытых сообществ, а также вымышленные языки, использованные в художественной литературе, и общие языки для употребления в среде родственных народов. Материалом для исследования служат многочисленные примеры из научных лингвистических статей и монографий. Вместо детальной классификации в работе использован хронологический порядок появления языковых проектов, независимо от места их создания или личности изобретателя. Хронологическая подача материала позволяет увидеть общую картину. Особое внимание уделено малоизвестным проектам, не упомянутым или плохо описанным в интерлингвистической литературе. Используя в качестве отправной точки энциклопедическую работу А. Д. Дуличенко «Международные вспомогательные языки» (1990), автор существенно расширил перечень рассматриваемых искусственных языков, не ограничиваясь только международными проектами, и дополнил предложенный А. Д. Дуличенко список. Кроме того, в настоящей работе анализируются некоторые феномены, ошибочно попавшие в список сконструированных языков. Основным результатом исследования является список, состоящий из нескольких сотен различных систем коммуникации, которые были описаны автором в его неопубликованной книге и частично представлены здесь. Обилие примеров способствует пониманию изначально поставленной проблемы. Автор выделил целый ряд факторов, побуждающих к созданию новых языков: стремление к общению; облегчение коммуникации между носителями разных языков; использование в литературных произведениях; лингвистические и философские исследования; коммуникация в закрытых сообществах и др. Настоящая работа дополняется примерами числительных из различных пазиграфий (систем универсального письма).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper is devoted to the problem of the diversity of “artificial” or constructed languages. The aim of the work is to reveal in-depth the diversity of communication systems developed to varying degrees, as well as to find an answer to the question: what prompted people to create new languages? The author analyzes various types of invented languages, from international universal language projects to secret languages of closed communities, as well as fictional languages used in literature and common languages for use among kindred peoples. The material for the study is numerous examples from research linguistics articles and monographs. Instead of a detailed classification, the work uses the chronological order of the appearance of language projects, regardless of the place of their creation or the identity of the inventor. The chronological presentation of the material allows one to see the big picture. Special attention is paid to little-known projects that are not mentioned or poorly described in the literature on interlinguistics. Using the encyclopedic work of Alexander Dulichenko, International Auxiliary Languages (1990), as a starting point, the author significantly expanded the scope of constructed languages, not limited only to international projects, and supplemented the proposed list. In addition, this paper analyzes some phenomena that were mistakenly included in the list of constructed languages. The main result of this study is a list consisting of several hundred different communication systems described in the author’s unpublished book and partly presented here. The abundance of examples helps to understand the problem initially posed. The author has identified several motivating factors for the creation of new languages: the desire for communication; facilitating communication between native speakers of different languages; use in literary works; linguistic and philosophical research; communication in closed communities, etc. This work is complemented by examples of numerals from various pasigraphies (universal writing systems).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конструированные языки</kwd><kwd>вымышленные языки</kwd><kwd>всеобщее письмо</kwd><kwd>универсальный алфавит</kwd><kwd>пазиграфия</kwd><kwd>идеография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>constructed languages</kwd><kwd>fictional languages</kwd><kwd>universal writing</kwd><kwd>universal alphabet</kwd><kwd>pasigraphy</kwd><kwd>ideography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams, R.F.G. 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