CONСEPTUAL GROUNDS FOR USING CALQUE TO TRANSLATE THE NEOLOGISM DEEP STATE INTO RUSSIAN
Abstract
Analyzing ‘deep state’ and its translation into Russian, the article dwells upon cognitive grounds for choosing calque to translate new words in political discourse. The paper reveals that in this case calque is an appropriate if not the only suitable choice. Political discourse is highly abundant in new words and coinages today. New concepts verbalized by English neologisms enter in the long run the political discourse of other linguocultures. The choice of the strategy and the means of translation require considerable cognitive effort on the part of the translator. On conceptual level structural-semantic calques of English new words can be presented by models of structural-semantic analogy which are marked by enormous nominative potential. As the analysis shows, similar metaphtonymic and metonymic projections underlie the semantics of neologisms both in English and in Russian. The projections reflect resemblance in verbalizing the same concepts. Calque is not considered an advisable way of translating neologisms, especially from English into Russian, since it is said to contribute to overstuffing the language with English loan words. However, linguocognitive analysis of ‘deep state’ illustrates that all beforementioned factors condition the choice of calque as a feasible means of rendering new verbal units, namely their structure and semantics.
The conclusions presented in the paper pose an interest to linguists, translation researchers and professional translators.
About the Authors
I. G. Ignatyeva
Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina Gennadyevna Ignatyeva – PhD, Assistant Professor of Department of English №1
76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454
A. G. Zakharova
Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anastasia Grigoryevna Zakharova – Teacher of English Department №1
76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454
References
1. Bich M.Ja. Metonimicheskoe ispol’zovanie imen sobstvennyh v sovremennom russkom, ispanskom i anglijskom jazykah: na materiale gazetnyh tekstov [Metonymic Use of Proper Names in Modern Russian, Spanish and English: on the Basis of Massmedia Texts]: diss.… kand.filol.nauk. Sankt-Peterburg, 1995. 116 s.
2. Bol’shoj tolkovyj slovar’ russkogo jazyka [Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language]. / gl.red. Kuznecov. Spb: Norint, 2000. 1536 s.
3. Bojarskaja E.L. Kognitivnye osnovy formirovanija novyh znachenij polisemantichnyh sushhestvitel’nyh sovremennogo anglijskogo jazyka [Cognitive Foundations of New Meanings Formation of Polysemantic Nouns in Modern English]: diss. … kand. filol.nauk. Kaliningrad, 1999. 217 s.
4. Zabotkina V.I. Semantika i pragmatika novogo slova (na materiale anglijskogo jazyka) [The Semantics and Pragmatics of the New Word (on the Basis of the English Language]: diss. … kand.filol.nauk. Moskva, 1991. 377 s.
5. Ignat’eva I.G. Problema dekompressii znanij pri perevode avtorskih novoobrazovanij [The Problem of Knowledge Decompression when Translating Neologisms and Occasionalisms] / I.G. Ignat’eva // Universitetskoe perevodovedenie [University Translation Science]. Vyp.12; Materialy XII mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii po perevodovedeniju “Fedorovskie chtenija” [Materials of XII International Scientific Conference on Translation Science “The Fyodorov Readings”], 17-22 oktjabrja 2012 g. SPb: SPbGU, 2013. 560 s.
6. Komissarov V.N. Teorija perevoda (lingvisticheskie aspekty) [The Theory of Translation (Linguistic Aspects)]. / V.N. Komissarov // Uchebnik dlja in-tov i fak. inostr. jaz. [A Textbook for Institutes and Faculties of Foreign Languages] M: Vyssh. shk., 1990. 253 s.
7. Miljavskaja N.B. Kognitivnye osnovy formirovanija znachenij neologizmov, obrazovannyh v rezul’tate metaftonimicheskogo perenosa: na materiale sovremennogo anglijskogo jazyka [Cognitive Foundations of Meanings Formation of Neologisms as a Result of Metaphtonymic Transfer: on the Basis of Modern English]: diss. … kand.filol.nauk. Kaliningrad, 2008. 200 s.
8. Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Ju. Tolkovyj slovar’ russkogo jazyka [Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language]. M.: Az#, 1996. 928 s.
9. Rahmatullaeva N.G. Kognitivnye osnovanija strukturno-semanticheskoj analogii vo frazeologii anglijskogo jazyka [Cognitive Foundations of Structural-semantic Analogy in English Phraseology]: diss. … kand.filol.nauk. Moskva, 2015. 201s.
10. Runova N.V. Kognitivnye osnovy obrazovanija novyh metonimicheskih znachenij sushhestvitel’nyh: na materiale anglijskogo jazyka [Cognitive Foundations of New Metonymic Meanings Formation: on the Basis of Modern English]: diss. … kand.filol. nauk. Kaliningrad, 2006. 247 s.
11. Juzefovich, I.G., Ignat’eva I.G. Prichiny neudachnogo transfera znanij v politicheskom diskurse: kognitivnyj podhod [The Reasons for Unsuccessful Knowledge Transfer in Political Discourse: Cognitive Approach] / N.G. Juzefovich, I.G. Ignat’eva // Kognitivnye issledovanija jazyka [Cognitive Studies of Language]. 2015. №23. S. 433-442.
12. English Dictionary: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.dictionary.com. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
13. Nou J. Taming the Shallow State // Notice & Comment – 28 fevralja 2017 g.: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://yalejreg.com/nc/taming-the-shallow-state-by-jennifer-nou. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
14. Oxford dictionary: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
15. Sailer S. Deep State, Shallow State, Peak State // The Unz Review: An Alternative Media Selection – 26 fevralja 2014 g.: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.unz.com/isteve/deep-state-shallow-state-peak-state. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
16. Swartz H. What’s a ‘Deep State’ and why is it a new buzzword for the online right? // CNN Politics − 11 marta 2017 g.: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://edition.cnn.com/2017/03/07/politics/deep-state/index.html. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
17. Urban Dictionary: [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.urbandictionary.com. (Accessed: 20.06.2017)
18.
Review
For citations:
Ignatyeva I.G., Zakharova A.G. CONСEPTUAL GROUNDS FOR USING CALQUE TO TRANSLATE THE NEOLOGISM DEEP STATE INTO RUSSIAN. Linguistics & Polyglot Studies. 2017;(11):19-25. (In Russ.)
Views:
614
Email this article 