The article is devoted to comparative analysis in structural-grammatical aspect of binary phraseological units with component - numeral «one» in the English, Russian, Tajik and Hindi languages. The most widely used model of the units is numeral + noun. ‘One’ is the leader among the other numerals in the formation of the idioms of the languages. Cardinal numeral combines with concrete and abstract nouns. The analysis of the phraseological units revealed both similarities and differences in the grammatical structure of these units. Most of these units are similar in expression and meaning. It is found that there are many full and partial translation equivalents of units of the languages and analogs. Differences are less pronounced than similarities.

The article is devoted to the study of the English Logistics terminology from the sociolinguistic perspective. It reveals the peculiarities of sociolinguistics as a science, as well as the features of sociolinguistic approach to the analysis of terminological lexis, namely, the study of influence of different social phenomena on the development and dynamics of terminology. The authors come to the conclusion that the English Logistics terminology is dominated by one-component terms and two-component terminological word combinations. A significant part of the English multi-component terminological units in Logistics are abridged and abbreviated both to economize language/speech means and to accelerate the process of professional communication in the sphere in question. The fact is stressed that the English abbreviation does not always correspond to the equivalent/analog Russian abbreviation that leads to the use of the English abbreviation in the Russian text or its expansion.

For example, of 8 Alamo cities (in the states of California, Georgia, Indiana, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Tennessee, Texas), only a few owe their name to poplars growing nearby (“álamo” is Spanish for “poplar”). The origin of 6 Alto cities names (in California, George, Michigan, Texas, Wisconsin, Indiana, New Mexico, Arizona, Louisiana) is also multivariative. Alto is Spanish for “tall/high”. And it seems quite logical that this might be a way to call a city located on a hill. But the results of the study confirm this only partially. Buena Vista is translated from Spanish as “beautiful view”. This place name acquired the descriptive meaning in the states of California, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and Texas. But, however, it should be noted that the majority of Buena Vista oikonyms (for example, in Oregon, Georgia, Delaware, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, New Jersey) refers to the victory of General Zachary Taylor at the Battle of Buena Vista, state Coahuila, Mexico, during the Mexican-American war, February 23, 1847. 4 cities of Ramona (Oklahoma, California, Kansas, South Dakota), despite completely different origin stories, are called so due to the Spanish woman's name. One can see other place name doublets present in different parts of the US. Having multivariative origin, they confirm the tendency.

Research undertaken in the area of English and German logistics terminology contributes to the creation of real and coherent systematic definitions. The link between term and definition is one of the basic principles of terminology and terminography. A terminology, that means all the terms belonging to a field, constitutes a real definitional system that reflects the structure of a domain. The definition is based on conceptual analysis, to define means to describe and to distinguish concepts. Definition determines all the characteristics that uniquely identify the concept.

This papers deals with illocutionary status of a range of Japanese interjections, connected lexemes and speech formulae which express reaction to information accepted by a participant to the communication. We add some original observations on the situations of their use based on corpus data to the arguments already evolved by the modern Japanese linguists on account of the role of these lexemes in the information management. By doing so, we can deduce their pragmatic features such as the intentions and emotions of the speaker as well as the placement of the utterance in the speech act chain. Eventually, we are able to posit two kinds of interjections - confrontation and cooperation-oriented. The former are aimed at correcting or obstructing the vis-à-vis’ speech strategy while the latter function as backchannels.

The role of metaphors in reflecting and constructing pedagogical discourse only starts to attract scholars’ attention. The paper explores two approaches to metaphor analysis. In line with the ideas of cognitive semantics the paper considers metaphors not merely as figures of speech or rhetorical devices, but as useful means for conceptualizing the world that offer us an insight into the thinking processes of people who belong to a definite culture. Two main metaphor groups typical of educational discourse are analyzed, namely the acquisition metaphors and the participation metaphors. Then the paper outlines the most typical and widespread source domains for target domains “Education” and “Knowledge” identified in the sample texts about Russian education. Quantitative analysis of educational metaphors has shown that in the Russian educational discourse both metaphorical models are present with a definite overbalance towards acquisition metaphor. The data obtained shows some changes in perceiving education and a teacher’s role that have taken place in the Russian society recently.

The article describes major difficulties that interpreters face while working with human rights terminology in the UN organization. To become a good interpreter, it is necessary not only to enlarge the scope of general knowledge and have a clear idea of the complex structure of the international organization, but also to have a good command of common terminology, protocol and procedure terminology as well as terminology in the field of human rights. It is shown in the article how to deal with translation problems, which variants alongside with the generally accepted correspond better to the considered concepts. In the conclusion there are some recommendations given to the beginning interpreters.

Dr. K. Efremova’s article is devoted to the study of the Burmese kinship system based on investigation of Burmese kinship terms. Data for the study range from the first third of the 19th century to the second third of the 20th century. During this period the Burmese kinship system changed dramatically, and the kinship terms evolved accordingly. The difference between the traditional and contemporary kinship terms lie primarily in denoting spouses of one’s blood relatives. According to that finding, it can be supposed that the Burmese’ ancestors practiced cross-cousin marriages, i.e. a man married the daughter of his father’s sister, while a woman married the son of her mother’s brother. Thus, the ancient Burmese society was divided on pairs of exogamous kinships, bound together by the tradition of mandatory marriage. The analysis of the evolution of Burmese kinship terms has demonstrated that there is no dual-marriage groups any longer. They were replaced by lineage groups and the masculine / feminine divide (fraternal relatives vs maternal relatives).

In her third novel The Hundred Secret Senses Amy Tan explores a half-sisters’ relationship against the broad cultural background making use of traditional Chinese beliefs and symbols. The image of yin-yang hologram presented in Tan’s novel highlights the coexistence and interaction of two perspectives that express simultaneously the various contents of the worlds within a single work. The novel recognizes the nature of yin/yang multiplicity and balance. By juxtaposing both rational and irrational elements of life Tan seems to tell us that“the world is not a place but the vastness of the soul”

The Venetian dialect is one of the Venetan dialects of northeastern Italy that is spoken in Venice and its province, as well as on the numerous islands in the Venetian lagoon. The article dwells on the peculiarities of its existence, diachronic and synchronic, and its social significance. An overview of the development of the Venetian dialect and its coexistence with the Latin and Italian languages throughout the history of the Venetian Republic proves its unique place among other Italian dialects. Its high social profile was defined by rich literary heritage, widespread use in a variety of professional fields, including public speaking and debate, presence of stylistic differentiation, the use in legal studies and documentation. In modern Italy the Veneto region is the place where dialects have remained commonly used by the majority of the population on all social levels throughout the years. In particular, the Venetian dialect is widely used in various communicative situations, largely present in the youth’s interactions, and social media. However, the peculiarities of the historical development of the Veneto region in the XIX-XX centuries determined the gradual geo-linguistic balance shift in the region in favor of dialects of major Italian cities - Padua, Treviso, Verona.

The article reveals the content of the concept “commencement speech” in the Russian and English languages and provides its own classification of the main structural and semantic components of the studied genre. The main elements of the compositional-semantic structure of the “commencement speech” are based on a tripartite division - its introduction, main part and conclusion. The introduction includes greetings, compliments, coming-thanks, apologies, jokes and parables. The main part can be biographical, historical, comparative-historical, topical, empirical and lyrical. The conclusion is an important conceptual and compositional-structural element of “commencement speech” and is represented in the forms of warnings, calls, prognoses / prophetic predictions, morality issues, congratulations, wishes and compliments. Each part of the compositional-semantic structure of the genre “commencement speech” serves its own communicative purposes: the introduction - contact-establishing and attractive functions; the main part - retrospective and evaluative functions; the conclusion - motivational, inspiring, and appealing functions.

The article analyzes the current level of development of professional foreign language communicative competence in BA students. Drawing on the requirements of Educational Standards and Curriculum, and having analyzed the current situation, the author points out the contradictions that exist today between the requirements for the BA in “International Relations” and the actual level of communicative competence of students. It is emphasized that the traditional practice of assessing this competence through the reproduction of pre-prepared “topics” is not conducive to developing students’ speaking skills, because this type of testing contradicts the very essence of the communicative approach to teaching. To achieve the training goal and control the objectives of developing professional foreign language communicative competence of students we propose to use a micro text as an incentive oral monologue utterance of students, because micro text is a super-phrasal unity that really exists in the speech practice. Based on the principles of cognitive-communicative approach to teaching foreign languages, this article describes the technique of using micro texts in order to develop foreign language communicative competence in the second-year students of MGIMO-University.

The article describes teaching challenges encountered in developing sociocultural competence in the current context. The main requirement for qualified international relations professionals is not only fluency in a foreign language, but also an understanding of the linguistic picture of the political world of the target language-speaking country. As an effective tool for the study of the history and politics of the country of the second foreign language (the German language) the author chooses a political poster that meets the basic requirements for the educational material (authenticity, temporality, visibility, etc.), and also contributes to introducing students to the world of historical and political realiа of Germany. The article presents a methodological analysis of political posters, including a description of the image, research of the text material, their ratio, characteristic of the historical and political period of the analyzed poster. In addition, it is proposed to draw the students’ attention to the dual nature of the political poster as a genre of political aphoristic and its inherent intertextuality, potential problems in the interpretation of the slogan’s message. The article presents the developed methodology of working on a political poster as a part of lessons and for student self-directed learning.